Story Summary
Explore the classic tale of Oedipus and the Sphinx. Discover how the Greek hero used his wit to solve a deadly riddle and save the city of Thebes from a monster.
The city of Thebes was held in a grip of terror by the Sphinx, a monstrous creature with the body of a lion, the wings of a great bird, and the face of a woman. She sat upon a high rock outside the city gates, challenging every traveler with a riddle. Those who failed to answer were immediately devoured. When the young Oedipus approached, the Sphinx posed her famous challenge: 'What walks on four legs in the morning, two legs in the afternoon, and three legs in the evening?' Without hesitation, Oedipus replied, 'Man. As an infant, he crawls on four limbs; as an adult, he walks on two; and in old age, he uses a staff as a third leg.' Bested by human intellect, the Sphinx threw herself from the cliffs to her death. Oedipus entered Thebes as a hero, freeing the city from its long nightmare and being crowned its king.
The Moral
The power of the human mind and intellect can overcome even the most formidable and monstrous challenges.
“The answer is Man: who crawls as a baby, walks as an adult, and leans on a staff in old age.”
Fun Fact
The name 'Sphinx' comes from the Greek word 'sphingo,' which means 'to squeeze,' referring to how she would often strangle those who failed her riddle.
Frequently Asked Questions
What was the riddle of the Sphinx?
The Sphinx asked what walks on four legs in the morning, two in the afternoon, and three in the evening. Oedipus correctly answered that it is 'Man' at different stages of life.
What happened to the Sphinx after the riddle was solved?
The Sphinx was so distraught by her defeat that she threw herself from a high rocky perch to her death. This finally liberated the city of Thebes from her reign of terror.
Why was the Sphinx at the gates of Thebes?
In mythology, the Sphinx was sent by the gods as a punishment for the city. She prevented anyone from entering or leaving unless they could solve her impossible puzzle.
How was Oedipus rewarded for defeating the Sphinx?
Oedipus was hailed as a savior and was offered the vacant throne of Thebes. He was also given the hand of Queen Jocasta in marriage, unaware of their true relationship.
Is the Greek Sphinx the same as the Egyptian Sphinx?
No, they differ significantly. The Greek Sphinx is female, winged, and malevolent, whereas the Great Sphinx of Giza is male, wingless, and generally viewed as a guardian.
What does the story of the Sphinx symbolize?
The story symbolizes the transition from primal, monstrous forces to the era of human logic and civilization. It highlights that wisdom is often more powerful than brute strength.
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