
Story Summary
Discover the Romance of the Western Chamber, a classic Chinese legend of forbidden love between Zhang Sheng and Cui Yingying, aided by a clever maidservant.
During the Tang Dynasty, a young scholar named Zhang Sheng stopped at Pujiu Temple while traveling to the imperial examinations. There, he caught a glimpse of the beautiful Cui Yingying, daughter of a late prime minister, and was immediately struck by love. When a bandit general besieged the temple to seize Yingying, her mother, Madam Cui, promised her daughter’s hand to anyone who could save them. Zhang contacted a general friend who successfully dispersed the rebels. However, once the danger passed, Madam Cui reneged on her promise, claiming the two should only be 'brother and sister.' Devastated, the lovers began a secret correspondence through poetry, aided by Yingying’s clever and empathetic maid, Hongniang. After a clandestine moonlight meeting, their relationship was eventually discovered by Madam Cui. Recognizing the depth of their devotion, she finally relented, but only on the condition that Zhang pass the imperial exams. Zhang journeyed to the capital, achieved the highest honors, and returned to claim Yingying as his wife, proving that true love can triumph over rigid tradition.
The Moral
True love and merit should prevail over social status and broken promises, highlighting the importance of emotional agency over rigid tradition.
“May all the lovers in the world be united in marriage.”
Fun Fact
The character of Hongniang was so influential that her name became the standard Chinese term for a matchmaker or 'go-between' in modern culture.
Frequently Asked Questions
What is the moral of Romance of the Western Chamber?
The moral is that true love, supported by sincerity and merit, should overcome the barriers of social hierarchy and parental control.
Who wrote the most famous version of this story?
The most famous play version was written by Wang Shifu during the Yuan Dynasty, based on earlier Tang Dynasty prose.
Why is the character Hongniang so famous?
Hongniang is the clever maid whose name has become a common Chinese noun for a 'matchmaker' because of her vital role in the lovers' success.
Is Romance of the Western Chamber a tragedy?
Unlike many early Chinese romances, the popular Yuan Dynasty version ends happily with the lovers getting married after Zhang passes his exams.
Where does the story take place?
The story is primarily set at the Pujiu Temple in Yongji, Shanxi Province, during the Tang Dynasty era.
What are the 'Four Great Classical Tales' of China?
They usually include Romance of the Western Chamber, Legend of the White Snake, Lady Meng Jiang, and The Butterfly Lovers.
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